Performance of local dairy production in small family farms in Guaranda-Bolívar, Ecuador
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Abstract
Small dairy farms in the province of Bolívar, Ecuador, provide opportunities for the development of grazing production systems. The objective of the research is to evaluate the quality of milk from Creole cows and the production system. A total of 106 cows in production and six family production systems belonging to the "La Esperanza" producers' association were considered. The work was descriptive, non-experimental, and observational, involving milk sampling, the creation of observation sheets, and the subsequent creation of a database in Excel, processed in Google Collaboratory and its libraries. The results show a variety among the six production systems of the UPAS. Values between 11 and 15 liters/cow/day were obtained, varying according to the number of cows in production. The results of the milk tests show significant differences in the percentage of fat (p=0.0003), true protein (p=0.0281), the percentage of non-fat solids (p=0.0048), and the CET parameter (p=0.0253). The variety distinguishes five groups on the Ward scale at a distance of 350, with a similarity subsequently observed at a distance of less than 50. The production systems show technological deficiencies.
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